The PAL family continued to evolve into the late 1980s, with faster, lower-power devices, including ones that could be reprogrammed. The most complex device type developed was probably the PAL22V10, ...

Ladder logic uses switch or relay contacts to implement Boolean expressions. In years past, ladder logic was made possible with discrete relays and was sometimes termed “relay logic.” Today most ...

Do you speak GAL? [Peterzieba] does, and has pulled together a collection of documents and tools so that you can too. There’s a dividing line in electronic engineering education, between those who ...

A single MXene-based optical gate switches between seven Boolean logic functions via voltage, enabling trainable photonic ...

Figure 1 Use a portion of a programmable-logic device or gate array to implement a Schmitt-trigger buffer (a) by adding either two (b) or four external resistors (c). Thanks to its internal hysteresis ...

Back in the bad old days, if you needed a little bit of custom logic you would whip out a tiny chip known as a PAL. A Programmable Logic Array is just what it sounds like and is the forerunner of ...

The paper describes how, with a SOPC (System on a Programmable Chip) architecture embedded with a 32-Bit NIOS-II, a Layer 2 Ethernet switch can be implemented in a FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) ...

Microchip has introduced a 32 logic elements programmable logic array into a microcontroller. Each logic element can simulate AND, OR, NAND or NOR gate, a buffer or inverting buffer, a D or JK ...

Strategies for EDA tool usage will change course as gate levels, and ultimately costs, rise in programmable logic designs. For designs below 25,000 gates, the basic tools from logic vendors and many ...