The original version of this story appeared in Quanta Magazine. The French scholar Pierre-Simon Laplace crisply articulated his expectation that the universe was fully knowable in 1814, asserting that ...

On the left, Turing’s original test involves a human interrogator (C) trying to identify a machine (A) that imitates a human assistant (B). On the right, the modern Turing-like test replaces the human ...

And then came Turing’s work on finite-state automata. I n 1936, Turing published a paper in the Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society which proposed a theoretical “machine” (mathematical ...

If a machine or an AI program matches or surpasses human intelligence, does that mean it can simulate humans perfectly? If yes, then what about reasoning—our ability to apply logic and think ...