AI Overview citations appear less tied to page-one visibility than earlier measurements suggested. Fan-out queries may help explain why sources can be cited even when they don’t rank for the exact ...

VRPTW is an NP-hard combinatorial optimization problem: route vehicles from a depot to customers with time windows and capacity constraints while minimizing total cost. This repository provides: ...

Abstract: In recent years, there has been a burgeoning development of swarm intelligence-based metaheuristic algorithms, with those integrating mathematical principles and stochastic search strategies ...

The complexity of AI-powered algorithms poses new challenges to antitrust authorities in identifying potentially anticompetitive conduct in a number of scenarios. Economic analysis can help identify ...

Abstract: This article comprehensively reviews the recently developed quantum mechanics-based optimization techniques. The quantum theory has been employed to speed up the evolutionary method and ...